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  • Plural

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Case - the bulk list

Declension of gender: Der, die, das

Der Genus - die Genera

Let's take a closer look at some nouns. The following list you have to learn very well.

Every noun has got only one fixed determiner. "Tag" (day) e.g. the determiner "der". In German determiner is called "der Artikel". This "Artikel" is also called Genus.

If we say that a word has got a specific "Artikel", we refer to the determiner of the subject case (Nominativ) in the singular. The "Nominativ" means nominative. That is the term we find in dictionaries, e.g. "Tag; der Tag; m.; Genitiv: des Tages; Nom. Plural: die Tage". This case we use to communicate the existence of something: "Der Vater liest seine Zeitschrift." Here's the father. He's reading the magazine.

But we are scientists here. And because this is so important, we want to look at it completely. Being exact, we find that each noun is connected to not only one determiner, but one group. The three groups are "der, die, das". The first group we are going to cover is "der".

Die 1. Gruppe (1. group) "der":

Kasus (case) von "Tag":

We now mark the noun with the group and get "der Tag".

2. Gruppe (2. group) "die":

Beispiel: "Frau" (woman):

We now mark the noun with the group "die" and get "die Frau".

You find, that Genitiv Singular of die Frau resembles Nominativ Singular of der Tag : der Frau and der Tag.

Look closely, der Tag is Nominativ and der Frau Genitiv. They look the same, but they are not of the same case. Why? Because Frau has always got the group die attached. In this group der is never Nominativ, but Dativ Singular or Genitiv Singular or Genitiv Plural.

3. Gruppe "das":

Beispiel: "Auto" (car):

We now mark the noun with the group "das" and get "das Auto".

Did you notice that the determiners of the plural have got the same forms in all three groups?

All cases of the main determiner or Artikel (for learning purposes)

Singular:

Plural:

We find that the three groups (der, die, das) are identical in the plural. The Singular forms you will have to all learn. You will find that der Dativ and der Genitiv have the same forms in group 2. The singlar forms of group 1 (der) are different in all cases (der, den, dem, des).

A different word for "group of determiners" is Genus. This word is used in school and refers to the three Genera männlich, weiblich, sächlich (masculine, feminine, neuter) (der, die, das). In German gender is grammatical, so even things will have female or male gender, e.g. der Weg (the path), die Tür (the door).